Abbreviations Vocabulary Combining Forms
- ABR: auditory brainstem response
- AC: air conduction
- AD: right ear (auris dextra)
- AOM acute otitis media
- AS: left ear (auris sinistra)
- AU: both ears (auris uterque)
- db: decibel (unit for expressing sound)
- ENT: ears, nose, and throat
- HEENT: head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat
- PE tubes: pressure-equalizing tubes
- PND: postnasal drainage; paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
- T &A: tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
- TM: tympanic membranes
- UPPP: uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
- URI: upper respiratory infection
- Acusis: normal hearing
- Adenectomy: excision of adenoids
- Adenitis: inflammation of the lymph node or gland
- Adenocarcinoma: a malignant neoplasm. Of epithelial cells in a glandular pattern
- Adenoid: gland-like appearance
- Adenopathy: disease of the lymph nodes
- Ala nasi: outer flaring wall of each nostril; wing of the nose
- Anacusis: total loss or absence of ability of hearing
- Annulus: a ring; circular structure
- Arytenoid: .cartilage and muscles of larynx
- Audiology: study of hearing disorders through identification and measurement of hearing loss
- Audiometry: test for measuring hearing levels with the help of an audiometer
- Auditory: related to the sense of hearing
- Aural: related to the ear
- Auricle: external ear
- Cerumen: a waxy secretion of external auditory canal; earwax
- Cholesteatoma: a tumor-like mass of squamous epithelium and cholesterol in the middle ear
- Cochlea: a spiral, cone-shaped cavity in the internal ear
- Conchae: a shell-shaped structure in the anatomy for example, auricle of the ear
- Conduction: transmission from one point to another of energy forms of energy without evident movement in the conducting body
- Conductive deafness: impairment of hearing caused due to obstruction or interference with sound waves transmission through the external ear, the middle ear. And auditory ossic1es
- Coryza: acute rhinitis; inflammation of the mucous lining of nose marked by sneezing, lacrimation, and secretion of a watery mucus discharge
- Cricoid: ring-shaped: lowermost laryngeal cartilage
- Dysacusia: difficulty in processing sound; difficulty in hearing
- Dysosmia: altered sense of smell: difficulty in processing smell
- Dysphagia: difficulty swallowing
- Epiglottic: related to the epiglottis
- Epiglottis: an elastic cartilage at the roof of tongue, which covers the opening of windpipe during swallowing to prevent it getting choked .
- Epiglottitis : inf1ammation of the epiglottis, can cause fatal respiratory obstruction, especially in small children
- Epistaxis: bleeding from the nose
- Erythema: redness of skin
- Eustachian tube: the tube that leads from the middle ear to the nasopharynx and equalizes the pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane
- Exudate: any fluid that has seeped out of a tissue, due to any inflammation or injury
- Fenestra: an opening in anatomy; window
- Fenestra ovalis: an oval opening in the wall of the tympanic cavity and the vestibule, closed by base of stapes
- Foramen: an opening or aperture, especially in a l)(me or membrane
- Glossoepiglottic: relating to tongue and epiglottis
- Glossopharyngeal: related to tongue pharynx
- Helical: relating to helix
- Helix: the folded margin of the external ear
- Hyperacusis/hyperacusia: hearing acuteness due to irritability of the sensory and neural mechanism of the ear
- Incus: the middle of the three ossicles in middle ear; anvil
- Jugular: relating to neck or throat
- Keratoid: horny
- Labyrinth: an anatomical structure composed of many intercommunicating canals and cavities. For example, the inner ear
- Labyrinthitis: inflammation of the labyrinth
- Laryngeal: relating to the larynx
- Laryngectomy: excision of the larynx
- Laryngitis: inflammation of mucous membrane of the larynx
- Laryngograph: an instrument used for tracing activity of larynx, vocal cord
- Laryngoparalysis: paralysis of the larynx
- Laryngopharyngeal: relating to both the larynx and the pharynx
- Laryngopharyngectomy: excision of both the larynx and the pharynx
- Laryngoplasty: surgical repair of the larynx
- Laryngoscope: an endoscope used to examine the interior of the larynx
- Laryngostomy: forming an opening from the neck into the larynx
- Laryngotomy: a surgical incision of the larynx
- Laryngotracheal: relating to both the larynx and the trachea
- Larynx: an organ of voice production located between the pharynx and the trachea
- Malleus: largest of the three ossicles of the ear
- Meatus: a passage, especially an external opening
- Meniere disease: disease of inner ear characterized by vertigo, nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, and progressive deafness
- Myringectomy: excision of the tympanic membrane
- Myringitis: inflammation of the tympanic membrane
- Myringoplasty: surgical repair of the tympanic membrane
- Myringotomy: surgical incision into the tympanic membrane
- Naris: nostril
- Nasofrontal: relating to the nose and the forehead
- Nasogastric: involving the nasal passages and the stomach
- Nasogastric tube: a tube passed into the stomach through the nose
- Nasolabial: related to the nose and upper lip
- Naso-oral : related to the nose and mouth
- Nasopharyngeal: related to the nose and the pharynx
- Nasopharynx: part of pharynx that line above the soft palate
- Nasotracheal intubation: intubation of the trachea through the nose
- Naode: a small knot of lump of tissue
- Obtund: dull or blunt
- Obturation: obstruction
- Odynacusis : acute pain on hearing any sound
- Odynophagia: pain on swallowing
- Odynophonia: pain while speaking
- Olfactory: related to sense of smell
- Ossicle: a small bone
- Otalgia: earache
- Otitis: inflammation of the ear
- Otodynia: earache
- Otolaryngology: study of the ear and larynx
- Otopathy: any disease of the ear
- Otorrhea : discharge from the ear
- Otoscope: an instrument used for inspecting the eardrum
- Palate: roof of the mouth
- Periauricular : around the ear
- Pharyngeal: related to the pharynx
- Pharyngitis: inflammation of the pharynx
- Pharyngoglossal: relating to the pharynx and the tongue
- Pharyngoplegia: paralysis of muscles of the pharynx
- Pharynx: throat
- Pinna: auricle, external ear
- Presbycusis: progressive loss of ability of hearing due to again
- Purulent: containing pus
- Rhinitis: inflammation of nasal mucous membranes
- Rhinopathy : disease of the nose
- Rhinoplasty : surgical repair of the nose
- Rhinorrhea: discharge from the nose or nasal passages
- Salpingitis: inflammation of eustachian tube or fallopian tubes
- Salpinx: auditory or eustachian tube; fallopian tubes
- Septectomy: excision of septum, pan or whole
- Septum: a wall partition between two cavities or two masses of soft tissue
- Serosanguineous: discharge containing serum and blood
- Shotty: rubbery type of feel to touch
- Sinus: a passageway or hollow space in bone or other tissue
- Sinusitis: inflammation of the sinus
- Sinusoid: resembling sinus
- Snuff: to inspire forcibly through the nose
- Stapedectomy: excision of stapes
- Stapes: smallest auditory ossicle; stirrup
- Strep: short form for streptococcus
- Streptococcal: caused by streptococcus
- Tinnitus: noises in the ear, such as ringing and whistling
- Trachea: windpipe
- Tracheitis: inflammation of membrane lining the trachea
- Tracheobronchial: related to the trachea and the bronchi
- Tracheostomy: forming an opening into the trachea
- Tragus: a small projection of cartilage in front of external auditory meatus
- Tympanectomy: excision of the tympanic membrane
- Tympanic: related to the tympanic membrane
- Tympanoeustachian: related to tympanic membrane and eustachian tube
- Uvula: a conical fleshy projection from the middle of the soft palate in the mouth
- Uvulitis: inflammation of the uvula 132, 1l\1.1iopalatopharyngoplasty: a surgical treatment in which unnecessary uvula and palatal tissue and the oropharyngeal tissue is resected for patients with sleep apnea
- Vertigo: dizziness; a sensation of spinning motion
- Vestibule: a small cavity or space at the entrance of the canal
- Vestibulocochlear: related to vestibule and cochlea of the ear
- Vibrissae: hair growing at the nares; nose hair
- Xerostomia: dryness of the mouth
acous/o: hearing
aden/o: gland
audi/o: hearing
myring/o: tympanic membrane
nas/o: nose
ot/o: ear
pharyng/o: pharynx
laryng/o: larynx
rhin/o: nose
salping/o: eustachian tube
seler/o: hardening
thyroid/o: thyroid
tympan/o: tympanic membrane
-ectomy: excision
-itis: inflammation
-logist: specialist in the study of
-logy: study of
-scope: instrument to view
-stenosis: stricture
-stomy: forming an opening
-tomy: incision
dys-: difficult
a-: without
hyper-: excessive
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