An intravenous pyelogram (also known as IVP, pyelography, intravenous urogram or IVU) is a radiological procedure used to visualize disturbances of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Among other uses, IVP can detect kidney stones.
It is done as a series of X-rays before and after a contrast agent (dye) is injected into a vein. This contrast is removed from the blood by the kidneys at a predictable time, where they initially appear opaque on X-ray film early after injection, followed by the appearance of iodinated contrast in the urine which outlines the renal calyces, ureters and bladder in the later X-rays in the series. Finally the bladder is imaged while filled and then after emptying, allowing assessment of any unseen abnormalities and completeness of voiding. It has to be differentiated from KUB.
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